Electrical system



F. D. HALLOCK ELECTRICAL SYSTEM. APPLI CATiON FILED OCT, 14, 1916.

1, 348, 943. Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

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F i/rel). Fina/"ease WITNESSES: J6 INVENTOR Hertha/[7. Hal 100k.

I :ATTORNEY WW W W F. D. HALLOCK ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED OCT, 14. 1916.

1,348,943. Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

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WITNESSES: INVENTOR He/cfierfl/i i/hak v ATTORNEY F. D. HALLQQKELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

APPUCATION FILED OCT, 14, 19H)- 1,348,94:3. Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

foal) n Mi ig? w a fag-vase E WITNESSES: I I I lNVENTOR ATTORNEY UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE.

FLETCHER D. HALLOCK, F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGN OR TO WESTING-HOUSE ELECTRIC AND 'MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FLETCHER -D. HAL- LOCK, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny andState of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inElectrical Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical systems and particularly to suchsystems as are employed in connection with machines embodying a seriesof rolls for successively treating sheets of fabric or other material.

My invention has for one of its objects to provide an arrangement thatis simple in construction and automatic in operation to control therelative speeds of motors for driving rolls that are arranged in series.

A second object of my invention is to provide a system whereby theindependently controlled motors for driving rolls that are arranged tosuccessively treat sheet material may be controlled by manually operablemeans located at a central point and whereby signals may be operated forindicating the necessary adjustments of the speedsof the respectivedriving motors.

Another object of my invention is to provide an arrangement whereby therelative speeds of the respective driving motors for a. series of rollsare controlled in accordance with the length of material between theseveral pairs of rolls.

Machines for treating fabric or other sheet material such as, forexample, calender rolls for the manufacture of fabric embodying rubber,usuallycomprise series of rolls that are provided with independentdriving motors. A movably mounted idler roll, which is placed betweeneach pair of main rolls. is connected to some suitable tensioning devicein order to maintain the length ofj the loop of material passing overthe idler roll within predetermined limits.

In the operation of such machines, it is essential that the severaldriving motors operate at substantiallythe'same speed in order tomaintain satisfactory operating conditions. Otherwise, the materialtravels through one pairof'rolls faster than through an adjacent pair ofrolls and the result is either to increase or todecreasethe length ofthe loop of material' between the rolls.

In case the forward motor is operated at the faster speed, the tensionupon the material between the rolls is increased to such degree that thefabric may be torn.

According to the present invention, I provide an arrangement in whichthe speed of each of the motors for driving the several rolls isautomatically controlled in accordance with the position of the idlerroll over which the material passes beforereaohing the roll. Thisarrangement comprises what may be termed a compensating rheostat that isoperativelyconnected to the idler'roll and is actuated to increase ordecrease the speed of the corresponding motor according as the length ofthe loop of material passing over the idler roll is increased ordecreased.

' motors. A controlling station of this char- Patented Aug. 10, 1920. i

acter may be located adjacent to each of the rolls. A similarpush-button station for each of the motors for producing the sameeffects upon the operation of the motors as those of the individualstations mentioned above may be located at a central point to constitutea master control station. By

means of this arrangement, a single operator is enabled to adjust thespeed of any of the motors.

In order that the attendant may be notified of the approach of the idlerroll to an extremity of its path of movementin either direction, signallamps are provided which indicate the motor, the speed'of which differsfrom that of the other motors, and which notify the operator of thedirection in which the speed of the motor should be changed. The signaldevices are operated either by the idler rolls directly or through themovable arms ofthe compensating rheostats when'thearms are near the endsof their respective paths of movement to vary the excitation of themotor field-magnet windings The signalfdevices, which are preferablyelectric lamps, notify the operator that brought to rest simultaneouslyby automatic means controlled by the idler rolls or by I manuallyoperable means.

The details of my invention are described in connection with theaccompanying drawby it.

ings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of circuits and apparatusillustrating my invention as applied to a single driving motor. Fig. 2is a diagrammatic representation of a series of rolls that are adaptedto be controlled in accordance with my invention. Fig. 3 is adiagrammatic view of a schematic arrangement of the main circuits of oneof the drivingmotors. Fig. 4 is a view of a portion of one of the idlersand a switching mechanism controlled by it. Fig. 5 is a diagrammaticview of a schematic arrangement of the control circuits for one of thedrivinglmotors.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, several sets of rolls 1 are arrangedin series to treat fabric or other sheet material, indicated at 2, thatpasses through the rolls. Each of the sets of rolls is driven by anelectric motor 3 which is mechanically connected to the rolls in anysuitable manner. A movably mounted idler roll 4 is placed between eachpair of main rolls or calenders for the purpose of maintaining asubstantially uniform tension upon the fabric.

The tensions exerted by the idler rolls are determined by the weights ofthe idler rolls or by weights 5 that are connected to the idler rolls bychains or ropes passing over pulle s 6. Each of the pulleys 6 isoperative y connected to a rheostat 7 which may be termed a compensatingrheostat by 'reason of the fact that it adjusts the speed of one of thedriving motors 3 in order to compensate for the difference between thespeeds of the motors for driving adjacent sets of rolls. One less idlerroll and one less'compensating rheostat are employed than the number ofmotors.

Each of the motors 3 is adapted to be controlled, also, by manuallyoperable means, preferably havmg'the form of push-button switches,oneset or station 8 of which is located ad'acent to the motor or theroll driven he push-button station above referred to may be termed, forconvenience, a calender station. A similar push-button station-9 forcontrolling each of the motors is-located at a central point which maybe termed a master control station. By means of the arrangement abovedescribed, each of the motors may be controlled from the cal-.double-throw switch 21.

ender station or it may be governed in the same manner from the mastercontrol station. A single operator is thus enabled to adjust the speedsof the motors in accordance with operating conditions.

Reference may now be had to Fig. 1, in which the circuits forcontrolling one of the driving motors is diagrammatlcally illustrated.The motor, the armature ofwhich is indicated at 3, has a shunt field-maet winding 11 and a series field-magnet winding 12. The motor issupplied with energy from line conductors 13, 1A and 15 of a threewiresystem. A sectional starting resistor 16 is controlled by a series ofprogressively actuated electromagnetic switches 17.

The motor circuitsare controlled by a master switch 18 that iscontrolled by a pilot motor 19. The speed of the motor 3, which iscontrolled in accordance with the position of the movable arm of .themaster switch 18, is adjusted by means of pushbutton swltches, onestation 8 of which corresponds to the calender station described inconnection -.with Fig. 2. A similar station 9 for producing like effectsupon the speed of the main motor is adapted to be connected in circuitin accordance with the position of a The effects produced upon theoperation of the main motor bythe corresponding push-button switches ofthe respective stations are indicated by ap ropriate le ends.

y means 0 the switch 21, which may be termed a transfer switch, eitherthe calender station 8 or the master control station 9 may be renderedineffective to control the motor. If all of the severaltransfer-switches 21 are actuated to corresponding positions, the motorsmay be controlled only from the master control stations'or from thecalender stations, according to the positions of the switches. Acompensating rheostat 7 is arranged to automatically control theexcitation of the shunt field-magnet winding 11 of the motor 3 within Itmay be assumed t at the movable arm 22 of the master switch 18 occupiesits in operative position which is at the end of its ath of movement ina clockwise direction. t may be assumed, further, that a manuallyoperable line switch 23 and a control switch 241 have been closed. Itmaybe assumed, for example, that the transfer switch 21 has beenoperated to connect the master-control station 9 in circuit and that thecalender station 8 is inoperative- .A circuit is completed by theclosing of the above switches which extends from -the positive side ofcontrol switch 24 throughactuating coil of field-protective relay 30 tothe negative side of switch 24.

redetermined limits.

The switches 28 and 29 are closed to complete the shunt field circuit ofthe=motor which extends from the positive side of control switch 24through conductor 32, movable arm 22, conductor 33, resistor 34 andmovable arm 35 of compensating rheostat 7, conductor 36, relay 28,conductor 37,

I shunt field-magnet winding 11, actuating 41 of. calender station 8,emergency switch 42 of master-control station 9, limit switch 43, stoppush-button switch of station 8, conductor 44, stop push-button ofstation 9, switch 21, start push-button switch of station 9, conductor45, actuating coil of novoltagerelay 46, relays 38 and 30, overloadrelay 47, and conductor side of switch 24.

When the no-voltage relay 46 is closed, the motor 3 may be operated forshort periods during the process of making up or threading the fabricthrough the rolls. An interlock connected to the no-voltage relay 46completes a holding circuit for its actuating coil inshunt relation tothe push-button switch designated start. This circuit extends from thepositive side of the control switch 24 through the stop push-buttons, asdescribed above, then, shunting the switch 21 and the start push-button,through the interlock connected to the no-voltage relay 46, then throughthe actuating coil of the relay 46 to the negative side of the switch24, as before described. The push-button switch designated inchcompletes a circuit which extends from the positive side of controlswitch 24, through conductor 25, switch 21, inch button, conductor 50,contact members 51, which are bridged by the switch arm 22 in its normaloif position, conductor 52, no-voltage relay 46,1actuating coil of lineswitch 53, and conductor 48 to the negative side of switch 24.

The closing of line switch 53 completes the armature circuit of the.motor 3 which extends from line conductor a 13 through switch 23,actuating coil of overload relay 47 actuating coil of field-acceleratingrelay 55, line switch 53, armature 3, series fieldmagnet winding 12,starting-resistor 16, and

line switch 56, to line conductor 14. lLine switch 56 is normallyclosed, when the switch arm 22 occupies its off. position, bymeans of acircuit extending from the arm 22, which is connected to the positiveside .of switch 24, through contact segment 48, to the negative 57conductor 58, actuating coil of switch 56 to the negative side of switch24.

The armature circuit of the motor is closed only while the inch buttonis held in its closed position. The motor operates slowly by reason ofthe fact that the entire starting resistor 16 is in circuit and theshuntfieldma et winding is fully energized.

' en the fabric has been started through the rolls and the system isready'for normal operation, the push-button switch designated increaseis. actuated to complete a circuit which extends from the positive sideof switch 21 through increase button, conductor 60, limit switch 61,field-magnet winding 62 and armature of pilot motor 19, and brake coil63 to the negative side of switch 24. The pilot motor then actuates theswitch arm 22 in a counter-clockwise direction to effect the completionof the armature circuit of the driving motor 3 independently of theoperation of the high button.

When the switch arm 22 engages a contact segment" 65, a circuit iscompleted which extends from the switch arm 22, which is connected tothe positive side of the control 'icircuit, through contact segment 65,

conductor 52, no-voltage relay 46, actuating coil of line switch 53 andconductor 48 to the negative side of switch 24. The armature circuit ofthe motoris then completed, as traced above in connection with theoperation of the inch button. A circuit is next completed which extendsfrom the switch arm 22 through contact segment 66, conductor 67,interlock of accelerating switch 17 located below the resistor 16,actuating coil of accelerating switch 17 located immediately above theresistor 16, conductor 68 and "interlock of line switch 53, to thenegative side of. switch 24.

The closing of the accelerating switch 17 the circuit for the actuatingcoil of which is traced above, completes a shunt circuit for one sectionof the resistor 16. The closing of the accelerating switch also permitsthe closing of a relay 70 that is mechanically connected thereto whenthe current traversing the series actuating coil ofthe relay 7O falls toa predetermined value. The closing of each of the relays 7O completes acircuit for the actuating coil of the succeeding accelerating switch toclose, and the several switches close automatically in order tocompletely shunt the resistor 16 when the current. traversing theseveral relay coils 70 falls successively to predetermined values.

When the last accelerating switch 17 closes, the circuits of theactuating coils of the other accelerating switches are opened and thecorresponding switches, drop to their open positions.- When the arm 22moves to such position that it no longer engages the contact segment 66,the circuit of the actuating coil of the accelerating switch locatedbelow the resistor 16 is opened, and the entire resistor 16- is insertedin circuit with the motor armature in preparation for the transfer ofthe motor connections to a circuit of higher voltage.

When the movable arm 22 of the master switch 18 has rotated through anangle of slightly less than 90, the circuit of the actuating coil ofline switch 56 is broken at contact segment 57 and theswitch 56 opens tomomentarily interrupt the armature circuit. When the arm 22 is in anapproximately upright position, it engages a contact member 71 tocomplete a circuit through the actuating coil of a relay 72 which closesa shunt circuit for the resistor 73 and thereby insures a strong fieldduring the period of changing from the low-voltage connection to thehigh-voltage connection.

When the arm 22 engages a contact seg* ment 74, a circuit is completedwhich extends from the arm 22 through contact segment 74 and actuatingcoil of line switch 75 to the negative side of switch 24. The switch 75then closes to connect the armature circuit of the motor to lineconductor 15. The motor is now connected across line conductors 13 and15,- and the applied electromotive force is accordingly doubled.

When the arm 22 engages a contact segment 77, the circuit of theactuating coil of the first switch 17 to close is again completed in thesame manner as thatdescribed in connection with the engagement ofcontact segment 66. 'The several accelerating switches operateautomatically and in order to ag'ain shunt theresistor 16. The circuitof the actuating coil of relay 72 is broken at contact member 71 and therelay opens to permit the weakenin of the field by the gradual insertingof eld resistor 73 by the arm 22.

During the acceleration of the motor by weakening its field, the relay55, which is of the well-known fluttering type, controls the circuit ofthe actuating coil of relay 72 and causes the latter to shunt theresistor 73 when the current traversing the actuatin coil of relay 55exceeds a predetermined value. The operation of the relays 55 and 72thus prevents the acceleration of the motor at an abnormal rate. Themotor then operates at its normal speed.

When it. is desired to decrease the speed 'of the motor for any reason,the push button designated decrease is closed to complete a circuit forthe pilot motor, which .extendS from the positive side of switch 21through decrease button, conductor 78, limit switch 79, field-magnetwinding 80 and armature of pilot motor.19 and brake coil 63 tothe'negative side of switch 24. The pilot motor 19 then actuates the arm22 in a clockwise direction to gradually 'yond the point at whichconnections are made for effecting the transfer of the motor circuitfromone voltage connection to the other, the resistor 16 will beinserted in circuit with the motor and the relay 72 will be closed toinsure a strong field during the transition period. The severaloperations occur in the reverse order to that described above inconnection with the acceleration of the motor.

The motor may be bro ght to rest by the opening of either of the stopbuttons of stations 8 and 9 or either of the emergency switches 41 and42, all of these switches being connected-in series circuit relation. Aswill be later described, the stop buttons of each control station andthe emergency switches of the several control stations are all connectedin series, and the opening of any of these latter switches operates tostop all of the motors simultaneously. Since the stop switches and theemergency switches are in series with the push-button switchesdesignated start, the opening of a stop switch opens the circuit of theactuating coil of no-voltage relay 46. As above described, the relay 46controls the circuit of the actuating coil of line switch 53, and thelatter is I accordingly opened. A local dynamic braking circuit for themotor armature is established by a switch 81 that is mechanicallyconnected to the switch '53. The dynamic braking circuit comprises themotor armature, a holding coil for the switch 81 and a resistor 82.

If it should be desired to momentarily decrease the speed of the motor,the pusha tion of the driving motor, the reverse button is actuated toopen the circuit of fieldreversing relays 28 and 29 and tocomplete acircuit which extends from the positive side of switch 21', throughreverse button, conductor 84, actuating coils of field-reversing relays85 and 86 and actuating coil of field-protective relay 30, to thenegative side of switch 24.

Reverse operation of the driving motor will occur only in case ofabnormal conditions with respect to the rolls and the fabric and willusually be necessary for a comparatively short period. In view of theseconditions, the relays 85 and 86 are provided with interlocks forcompleting the I circuit of the actuating coil of relay 72 while they)are in their closed positions. This .arrangement insures that the motoroperates at slow speed when it rotates in the reverse direction.

If it should occur that, during theiiormal operation of the series ofrolls, the speed of one of the motors varies from that of the motor fordriving the roll immediately preceding in the system, the length of theloop of material between the pair of rolls will be varied. The positionof the idler roll is chan ed in accordance with the change in length ofmaterial,-and the movable arm 35 of the corresponding compensatingrheostat 7 is actuated to either increase or diminish the amount of theresistor 34 that is permanently connected in series with the shuntfield-magnet winding 11.

If the variation in speed is comparatively small, it may be corrected bythe automatic operation of the compensating rheostat, and

no adjustment by the operator is necessary.

If, however, the arm 35 approaches the limit of its movement in eitherdirection, a

'3 cam 87 that is connected to the rheostat arm 35 permits a switch 88controlled thereby to close a circuit for a signal lamp 89.

,If, for example, the arm 35 be actuated by the corresponding weight 5,in a clockwise 35 direction, to insert resistance in series with thefield-magnet winding of the motor to increase its speed, and the arm andcam 87 reach predetermined points at which the switch 88 to the left ofthe arm 35, as viewed 40 in Fig. 1, is permitted to close, the lamp 89 jthat is adjacent to the increase button is energized to warn theoperator that the master switch 18 must be adjusted for an increasedspeed of the driving motor; Should the operator fail to make the properadjustments, and the rheostat arm .continues its movement, the limitswitch 43, which is in series with the stop pushbutton switches andemergency switches, is 5 0 opened by the cam 871:0 effect the stoppingof the motor 3 and all of the other motors, as described above inconnection with the stop switches and emergency switches. The limitswitch may be shunted by means of a reset switch 90 in order to completethe control circuits after the motors have been brought to. rest. f

A schematic arrangement of the control circuits isdiagrammatically.illustrated in Fig. 5. It will "be noted that the stoppush-button switches of the several stations are arranged iii parallelrelation to each other and in series relation to the emergency switchesthat may be located either at the control stations or upon the frames ofthe rolls, as desired. For convenience, only one of each of the switches41, 42- and 43 is illustrated. The several control stations areotherwise entirely independent of each trolled entirely by manuallyoperable means.

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 4, an idler roll 4 is arranged tomove vertically in a slot 91 with which a frame member 92 is provided. Aswitch 93, which may correspond in function to the limit switch 43,shown in Fig. 1, is opened by the idler roll 4 when the latter reaches apredetermined position. The rolls are thus stopped before the idler rollreaches the end of its path of movement and the tension upon the fabricbecomes abnormal.

A system constructed in accordance with my invention possesses a numberof desirable operating characteristics. Under normal operatingconditions, the relative speeds of the several driving motors arecontrolled automatically and a uniform tension is maintained upon thefabric passing through the rolls. The resistance of the compensatingrheostat is of low value compared with that of the master switch, thecompensating rheostat being adapted to adjust differences of speedwithin the limits of inherent regulation of the motor. Thus, the amountof resistance in the field circuit of any motor, at any time during itsnormal operation, is relatively small.

In case the speed of one or more of the motors varies from the speeds ofthe other motors to such degree that the automatic means areinsuflicient to compensate for the variation, the operator isautomatically warned that adjustments must be made in order to'preventdamage to the fabric. The system is automatic alsoto efi'ect thestopping of all of the rolls quickly and safely by the opening of themotor circuits and by the use of dynamic braking means. It ispractically impossible to injure the fabric by reason of abnormalconditions with respect to the driving mechanism for the rolls. Theabove and other advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the artto which 'my inventionis related.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material, a drivingmotor for each ofsa'id rolls, and an idler roll between said rolls, ofsignaling means controlled by said idler roll for indicating adifference in the speeds of said motors.

2. The combination with a pairof rolls for sheet material, a drivingmotor for each of said rolls, and an idler roll between said rolls, ofsignaling means comprising a lamp circuit controlled by. said idler rollfor indicating a difference in the speeds of said motors.

3. The combination with a series of rolls for sheet material, and ameans between the rolls of each pair for maintaining un form tensionupon said material, of a dr1v1 ng motor for each of said rolls andsignaling means controlled by said maintaining means for indicatingdifferences between the speeds of motors for driving adjacent rolls.

4. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material, a drivingmotor for each of said rolls, and an idler roll movably mounted formaintaining a substantially uniform tension upon said material, of sgnaling means operable in accordance wlth the position of said idlerroll for indicating the relative speeds of said motors.

5. The combination with a series of rolls for sheet material, a drivingmotor for each of said rolls, and an idler roll between the rolls ofeach pair, of means for ad usting the speed of each of said motorsindependently of the other, and signaling means adjacent said adjustingmeans and controlled by said idler rolls for indicating necessaryadjustments.

6. The combination with a series of rolls for sheet material, a drivingmotor for each of said rolls, and anidler rollbetween. the rolls of eachpair, of means for adjusting the speed of each of said motorsindependently of the others, and means comprising signal lamps adjacentsaid adjusting means and controlled by said idler rolls for indicatingnecessary adjustments.

7. The combination with a series of rolls for sheet material, a drivingmotor for each of said rolls, and an idler roll between the rolls ofeach pair, of means for ad'usting the speed, of each of said motors inependently of the others, and means comprising signal lamps adjacentsaid adjusting means and controlled by said idler rolls for indicat-.ing such motors as difi'er in speed from the other motors.

8. The combination with a series of rolls for sheet material, a drivingmotor for each of said rolls, and an idler roll between the rolls ofeach pair, of means for adjusting the speed of each of said motorsindependently of the others, and means comprising signal lamps adjacent.said adjusting means and controlled by said idler rolls for indicatingsuch motors as difi'er in speed from the other motors and the properadjustment to correct such differences.

9. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material, independentdriving means for each of said rolls, and an idler roll for maintaininga substantially uniform tension upon the material between the rolls, ofsignaling means for indicating the approach of the idler roll to theends of its path of movement.

10. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material, independentdriving means for each of said rolls, and a movably mounted idler rollbetween'said rolls for maintaining a substantially uniform tension uponsaid material, of signal lamps operable when said idler roll occupiespredetermined positions for indicating necessary adjustments of thespeed of one of said driving means.

11. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material,separatedriving means for-each of said rolls, and an idler roll betweensaid rolls for maintaining a substantially constant tension upon saidmaterial, of means for adjusting the speed of one of said'drivingmeansin accordance with the position of said idler roll and foreflecting the stopping of both of said driving means when the idler rollreaches a predetermined position.

12. The combination with a plurality of rolls for sheet material,separate electric motors for each of said rolls, and an idler rollbetween each pair of said rolls for maintaining a substantially constanttension upon said material, of means for adjusting the speed of certainof said electric motors in accordance with the positions of the idlerrolls, and means controlled by said idler rolls for indicating, at aremote point, the approach of said idler rolls to predeterminedpositions by reason of abnormal slack in said sheet material.

13. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material, independentdriving means for each of said rolls, and an idler roll between saidrolls for maintaining a substantially constant tension upon saidmaterial, 0 means for 'eflecting the stoppmg of all of said drivingmeans when said idler roll reaches a predetermined position.

14. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material and anelectric motor for driving each of said rolls, of a member mov- .able inaccordance with the length of material between said rows, and signaldevices operated by said member in accordance with its position toindicate abnormal conditions.

15. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material, an electricmotor for driving each of said rolls, and a member movable in accordancewith the length of material between said rolls, of meanscontrolled bysaid member for regulating the speed of one of said motors and foroperat-- ing signals for indicating the arrival of said movablemember ata predetermined point in its path of movement.

16. The combination with a pair of rolls for sheet material, an electricmotor for driving each of said rolls, and a member movable in accordancewith the length of material between said rolls, of means controlled bysaid member for regulating the speed of one of said motors, foroperating signals and for" effecting the stopping of said motors underpredetermined conditions.

I 17. The combination with a plurality of rolls for sheet material, anelectric motor for driving each of said rolls, and members movable inaccordance with the lengths of material between said rolls, of rheostatscontrolled by said members for governing the speed of said motors, andmeans for stopping all of said motors when one of said members occupiesa predetermined position.

18. The combination with a. pair of rolls for sheet material, anelectric motor for driving each of said rolls, and a member movable inaccordance with the length of ma terial between said rolls, of arheostat controlled by said member for governing the speed of one ofsaid motors, said member also and indicating signals operated by saidmovable member at a predetermined point in its path of movement.

19. The combination with a plurality of rolls for treating materialsuccessively, of means for regulating the speed of said rolls inaccordance with the length of material between said rolls, and means forcontrolling said rolls individually or collectively.

20. The combination with a pair of rolls for treating materialsuccessively, and an electric motor for driving each of said rolls, ofmeans for regulating the speed of one of said motors inaccordance withthe length of material. between said rolls and for stopping said motorswhen the material between the rolls reaches a predetermined len h.

21. The combination with a pair 0 rolls for treating materialsuccessively, and an electric motor for driving each of said rolls, ofmeans for regulating the speed of oneof said motors in accordance withthe length of material between said rolls and for stopping said motorswhen the material between the rolls reaches a predetermined minimumlength.

22. The combination with a pair of rolls for successivelytreatingmaterial, of means for automatically controlling the relative speeds of.said rolls in accordance with the length of material between them, andmeans for indicating when said length reaches a predetermined values 23.The combination with a plurality of rolls for sheet material andindependent driving motors therefor having field-magnet windings, of apair of resistors in circuit with.each of said windings, manuallyoperable means for controlling one of said resistors, and automaticmeans actuated by said material for controlling the other resistor inaccordance with relative speeds of adjacent rolls. 7

24. The combination with a plurality of rolls for sheet material andindependent driving motors therefor having field-magnet windings, of apair of resistors in circuit with each of said windings, manuallyoperable means for controlling one of said resistors, and automaticmeans actuated by said material for controlling the other resistor inaccordance with the relative speeds of adjacent rolls as measured by thelength of material between said rolls.-

25. The combination with a plurality of rolls for sheet material andindependent driving motors therefor having field-magnet windings, ofmanually operable means for effecting a variation of the resistance ofeach of the field circuits within pre-deter mined limits, and automaticmeans dependent upon relative speeds of adjacent rolls fortvarying theresistance of said circuits within relatively small limits.

26. The combination with a plurality of driving motors for effecting theactuation of sheet material and separate controlling means therefor, ofa single means actuated by said material for rendering all of saidcontrolling means inoperative and effecting the stopping of said motors.

27. The combination with a plurality of motors for effecting theactuation of sheet material and independent controlling means therefor,each of said means comprising a no-voltage release device, of a singlemeans controlled by said material for simultane- 29. The combinationwith a plurality of motors for effecting the actuation of sheet materialand independent controlling means 1 therefor comprising line switchesand novoltage release devices for controlling each of said switches, andmeans for controlling said devices either independently orsimultaneously.

30. The combination with a plurality of motors for effecting theactuation of a band of material and independent controlling meanstherefor comprising line switches and no-voltage release devicesforcontrolling each of said switches, manually operable means andautomatic means operatively connected to said motors for controllingsaid devices simultaneously' and manually operable means for"controlling said devices independently of each other.

31. The combination with a plurality of motors for effecting theactuation of a body of material, of independent controlling meanstherefor, each of said controlling means comprising a pushebuttonstation adjacent to the corresponding motor and a similarpush-buttonstation located at a central point. 7

32. The combination with a plurality of motors for eifecting theactuation of a body of material, of independent controlling meanstherefor, each of said controlling means comprising a push-buttonstation adjacent to the corresponding motor and a similar push-buttonstation located at a central point and means for selectively renderingeither of said stations operative.

33. The combination with a plurality of motors for efi'ecting theactuation of a body of material of lndependent controlling meanstherefor, said controlling means comprising a separate push-buttonstation adjacent to each of said motors and a mastercontrol stationcomprising push-button sta-' tions corresponding to each of the separatestations. '34. The combination witha plurality of motors for effectingthe actuation of a body of material, of independent controlling meanstherefor, said controlling means comprising a separate push-buttonstation adjacent to each of said motors and a master-control stationcomprising push-button stations corresponding to each of the se aratestations and double-throw switches or selectively rendering either ofsaid stations operative- 35. The combination with a pair of rolls fortreating material, of means'for automatically .controlling the relativespeeds of said rolls in accordance with the len h of material betweenthem, and a plurality of terial, of a resistor permanently connected incircuit with one of said windings, an arm for adjusting saidresistorcontrolled by said idler roll, and a' signal device for in'dicating a difierence in the speeds of said motors, said arm servingalso to control said signal device.

37 The combination with a plurality of motors for effectingthe-actuationof a body of material, of independent controlling means for each of saidmotors, means located at a central point for simultaneously controllingall of said motors, and means for indicatin' the desirability ofoperating said indepen ent controlling means.

38. The combination with a plurality of motors for efi'ecting theactuation of a body of material, of a switch for each of said motors forstopping each of said motors, and a second switch for each of saidmotors for stopping all of said motors.

39. The combination with a plurality of motors for effecting theactuation of a body of material, of a switch for each of said motors forstopping each of said motors, and a second switch for each of saidmotors for stopping all of said motors, said second switches bemgarranged in series and said first switches being arranged in parallelcircuit in series relation with said second switches.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto sub.- scribed my name this 4th dayof ,October,

FLETCHER D..HALLOCK.

